Bài 3:

a,Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{32}-\frac{1}{64}\)

A = \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}-\frac{1}{2^6}\)

2A = \(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}-\frac{1}{2^5}\)

2A + A = \(\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}-\frac{1}{2^5}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}-\frac{1}{2^6}\right)\)

3A = \(1-\frac{1}{2^6}\)

=> 3A < 1 

=> A < \(\frac{1}{3}\)(đpcm)

b, Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)

3A = \(1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)

3A + A = \(\left(1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)

4A = \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)

=> 4A < \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)       (1)

Đặt B = \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)

3B = \(3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)

3B + B = \(\left(3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\)

4B = \(3-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)

=> 4B < 3

=> B < \(\frac{3}{4}\)   (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra 4A < B < \(\frac{3}{4}\)=> A < \(\frac{3}{16}\)(đpcm)

bài 1:

5n+7 chia hết cho 3n+2

=> [3(5n+7) - 5(3n + 2)] chia hết cho 3n+2

=> (15n + 21 - 15n - 10) chia hết cho 3n+2

=> 11 chia hết cho 3n + 2

=> 3n + 2 thuộc Ư(11) = {1;-1;11;-11}

Ta có bảng:

Vậy n = {-1;3}

Bài 2:

1, chữ số tận cùng

a, Xét 7¹⁹⁹⁹

Ta có: 7¹⁹⁹⁹ = 7¹⁹⁹⁶.7³ = (7⁴)⁴⁹⁹.343 = (...1)⁴⁹⁹.343 = (....1).343 = ....3 (1)

Vậy số 57¹⁹⁹⁹ có tận cùng là 3

b, Xét 3¹⁹⁹⁹

Ta có: 3¹⁹⁹⁹ = 3¹⁹⁹⁶.3³ = (3⁴)⁴⁹⁹.27 = (...1)⁴⁹⁹.27 = (...1) . 27 = ....7  (2)

Vậy số 93¹⁹⁹⁹ có chữ số tận cùng là 7

2, 

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra A = 999993¹⁹⁹⁹ + 555557¹⁹⁹⁹ = ...7 + ...3 = ....0

Vì A có chữ số tận cùng là 0 nên A chia hết cho 5. 

A=\(1+\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\right)\)

Đặt B=\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+..+\)\(\frac{1}{99.100}=\)\(1-\frac{1}{100}< 1\)

Mà A=1+B=>A=1+B<1+1=2

\(A=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< 2\)

\(A=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\frac{1}{99\cdot100}\)

\(A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)

\(A=1-\frac{1}{100}\)

vậy \(A=\frac{99}{100}< 2\left(đpcm\right)\)

B)

ta có : \(1=1\)

\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}< \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}=1\)

\(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{7}< \frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{4}{4}=1\)

\(\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{9}+...+\frac{1}{15}< \frac{1}{8}+...+\frac{1}{8}=\frac{8}{8}=1\)

\(\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{17}+...+\frac{1}{63}< 1\)

tất cả công lại \(\Rightarrow B< 6\)

Câu 8( Mình không viết đè nữa nha)

a)   2-1/1.2 + 3-2/2.3 + 4-3/3.4 +…..+ 100-99/99.100

=  1 – 1/2 + 1/2 – 1/3 + 1/3 – 1/4 +…..+ 1/99 – 1/100

=  1 – 1/100 < 1

=   99/100 < 1

    Vậy A< 1

vì \(a+b+c=1\)

\(< =>\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{a}+\frac{a+b+c}{b}+\frac{a+b+c}{c}\)

\(=3+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{a}{c}\)

\(=3+\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{ca}\)

ta có pt:

\(\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{1}{4}\left(3+\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{ca}\right)\)

\(\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{4bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{4ca}\)

áp dụng bđt cô- si( cauchy) gọi pt là P 

\(P\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}}+2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}\frac{b^2+c^2}{4bc}}+2\sqrt{\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}\frac{c^2+a^2}{4ca}}+\frac{3}{4}\)

\(P\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}+\frac{3}{4}\)

\(P\ge2.\frac{1}{2}+2.\frac{1}{2}+2.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{3}{4}\)

\(P\ge1+1+1+\frac{3}{4}=\frac{15}{4}\)

dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

<=>ĐPCM

Trả lời

a) Đặt \(H=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow H< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\frac{1}{99\cdot100}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow H< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow H< 1-\frac{1}{100}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow H< \frac{99}{100}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1+\frac{99}{100}\)

Ta thấy \(\frac{99}{100}< 1\Rightarrow A< 2\)

Vậy A<2 (đpcm)

b) Ta có: 1=1

             \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}< \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}=1\)

               \(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{7}< \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}=1\)

               \(\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{10}+...+\frac{1}{15}< \frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}+...+\frac{1}{8}=1\)

                \(\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{17}+...+\frac{1}{31}< \frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{16}+...+\frac{1}{16}=1\)

                \(\frac{1}{32}+\frac{1}{33}+\frac{1}{34}+...+\frac{1}{63}< \frac{1}{32}+\frac{1}{33}+\frac{1}{34}+...+\frac{1}{63}=1\)

                 \(\Rightarrow B< 1+1+1+1+1+1\)

                 \(\Rightarrow B< 6\)

   Vậy B<6 (đpcm)

a, \(A=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< 1+\frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\frac{1}{99\cdot100}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< 1+\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A< 1+\left(1-\frac{1}{100}\right)\Rightarrow A< 1+1-\frac{1}{100}\Rightarrow A< 2-\frac{1}{100}\Rightarrow A< 2\left(ĐPCM\right)\)

b, \(B=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2012^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\frac{1}{2011\cdot2012}\)

\(\Rightarrow B< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2011}-\frac{1}{2012}\)

\(\Rightarrow B< 1-\frac{1}{2012}\Rightarrow B< 1\left(1\right)\)

\(B=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2012^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow B>\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4}+\frac{1}{4\cdot5}+...+\frac{1}{2012\cdot2013}\)

\(\Rightarrow B>\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2012}-\frac{1}{2013}\)

\(\Rightarrow B>\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2013}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2013}< B\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2013}< B< 1\)

a)A=1+1/2²+1/3²+....+1/100²

      <1+1/1.2+1/2.3+...+1/99.100=1+1-1/2+1/2-1/3+...+1/99-1/100=2-1/100=199/200<2

b)B=1/2²+1/3²+...+1/2012²

     <1/1.2+1/2.3+...+1/2011.2012=1-1/2+1/2-1/3+...+1/2011-1/2012=1-1/2012=2011/2012

     1/2-1/2013=2011/4026<2011/2012<1

1.\(VT=\frac{c}{abc+ac+c}+\frac{b}{bc+b+abc}+\frac{abc}{abc+bc+b}=\frac{c}{ac+c+1}+\frac{1}{ac+c+1}+\frac{ac}{ac+c+1}=\frac{ac+c+1}{ac+c+1}=1=VP\)

ac+c+1\ac+c+1 =1